module Pod
  # The resolver is responsible of generating a list of specifications grouped
  # by target for a given Podfile.
  #
  # @todo Its current implementation is naive, in the sense that it can't do full
  #   automatic resolves like Bundler:
  #   [how-does-bundler-bundle](http://patshaughnessy.net/2011/9/24/how-does-bundler-bundle)
  #
  # @todo Another limitation is that the order of the dependencies matter. The
  #   current implementation could create issues, for example, if a
  #   specification is loaded for a target definition and later for another
  #   target is set in head mode. The first specification will not be in head
  #   mode.
  #
  #
  class Resolver
    # @return [Sandbox] the Sandbox used by the resolver to find external
    #         dependencies.
    #
    attr_reader :sandbox

    # @return [Podfile] the Podfile used by the resolver.
    #
    attr_reader :podfile

    # @return [Array<Dependency>] the list of dependencies locked to a specific
    #         version.
    #
    attr_reader :locked_dependencies

    # @return [Array<Source>] The list of the sources which will be used for
    #         the resolution.
    #
    attr_accessor :sources

    # @param  [Sandbox] sandbox @see sandbox
    # @param  [Podfile] podfile @see podfile
    # @param  [Array<Dependency>] locked_dependencies @see locked_dependencies
    # @param  [Array<Source>, Source] sources @see sources
    #
    def initialize(sandbox, podfile, locked_dependencies, sources)
      @sandbox = sandbox
      @podfile = podfile
      @locked_dependencies = locked_dependencies
      @sources = Array(sources)
    end

    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------#

    public

    # @!group Resolution

    # Identifies the specifications that should be installed.
    #
    # @return [Hash{TargetDefinition => Array<Specification>}] specs_by_target
    #         the specifications that need to be installed grouped by target
    #         definition.
    #
    def resolve
      @cached_sets     = {}
      @cached_specs    = {}
      @specs_by_target = {}

      target_definitions = podfile.target_definition_list
      target_definitions.each do |target|
        title = "Resolving dependencies for target `#{target.name}' " \
          "(#{target.platform})"
        UI.section(title) do
          @loaded_specs = []
          find_dependency_specs(podfile, target.dependencies, target)
          specs = cached_specs.values_at(*@loaded_specs).sort_by(&:name)
          specs_by_target[target] = specs
        end
      end

      cached_specs.values.sort_by(&:name)
      specs_by_target
    end

    # @return [Hash{Podfile::TargetDefinition => Array<Specification>}]
    #         returns the resolved specifications grouped by target.
    #
    # @note   The returned specifications can be subspecs.
    #
    attr_reader :specs_by_target

    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------#

    private

    # !@ Resolution context

    # @return [Hash<String => Set>] A cache that keeps tracks of the sets
    #         loaded by the resolution process.
    #
    # @note   Sets store the resolved dependencies and return the highest
    #         available specification found in the sources. This is done
    #         globally and not per target definition because there can be just
    #         one Pod installation, so different version of the same Pods for
    #         target definitions are not allowed.
    #
    attr_accessor :cached_sets

    # @return [Hash<String => Specification>] The loaded specifications grouped
    #         by name.
    #
    attr_accessor :cached_specs

    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------#

    private

    # @!group Private helpers

    # Resolves recursively the dependencies of a specification and stores them
    # in the @cached_specs ivar.
    #
    # @param  [Podfile, Specification, #to_s] dependent_spec
    #         the specification whose dependencies are being resolved. Used
    #         only for UI purposes.
    #
    # @param  [Array<Dependency>] dependencies
    #         the dependencies of the specification.
    #
    # @param  [TargetDefinition] target_definition
    #         the target definition that owns the specification.
    #
    # @note   If there is a locked dependency with the same name of a
    #         given dependency the locked one is used in place of the
    #         dependency of the specification. In this way it is possible to
    #         prevent the update of the version of installed pods not changed
    #         in the Podfile.
    #
    # @note   The recursive process checks if a dependency has already been
    #         loaded to prevent an infinite loop.
    #
    # @note   The set class merges all (of all the target definitions) the
    #         dependencies and thus it keeps track of whether it is in head
    #         mode or from an external source because {Dependency#merge}
    #         preserves this information.
    #
    # @return [void]
    #
    def find_dependency_specs(dependent_spec, dependencies, target_definition)
      dependencies.each do |dependency|
        locked_dep = locked_dependencies.find { |ld| ld.name == dependency.name }
        dependency = locked_dep if locked_dep

        UI.message("- #{dependency}", '', 2) do
          set = find_cached_set(dependency, dependent_spec)
          set.required_by(dependency, dependent_spec.to_s)

          unless @loaded_specs.include?(dependency.name)
            spec = set.specification.subspec_by_name(dependency.name)
            @loaded_specs << spec.name
            cached_specs[spec.name] = spec
            validate_platform(spec, target_definition)
            if dependency.head? || sandbox.head_pod?(spec.name)
              spec.version.head = true
              sandbox.store_head_pod(spec.name)
            end

            spec_dependencies = spec.all_dependencies(target_definition.platform)
            find_dependency_specs(spec, spec_dependencies, target_definition)
          end
        end
      end
    end

    # @return [Set] Loads or returns a previously initialized set for the Pod
    #               of the given dependency.
    #
    # @param  [Dependency] dependency
    #         The dependency for which the set is needed.
    #
    # @param  [#to_s] dependent_spec
    #         the specification whose dependencies are being resolved. Used
    #         only for UI purposes.
    #
    # @return [Set] the cached set for a given dependency.
    #
    def find_cached_set(dependency, dependent_spec)
      name = dependency.root_name
      unless cached_sets[name]
        if dependency.external_source
          spec = sandbox.specification(dependency.root_name)
          unless spec
            raise StandardError, '[Bug] Unable to find the specification ' \
              "for `#{dependency}`."
          end
          set = Specification::Set::External.new(spec)
        else
          set = find_set_from_sources(dependency)
        end
        cached_sets[name] = set
        unless set
          raise Informative, 'Unable to find a specification for ' \
            "`#{dependency}` depended upon by #{dependent_spec}."
        end
      end
      cached_sets[name]
    end

    # @return [Set] Loads a set for the Pod of the given dependency from the
    #         sources. The set will be limited to the versions of the first
    #         source which includes the Pod.
    #
    # @param  [Dependency] dependency
    #         The dependency for which the set is needed.
    #
    def find_set_from_sources(dependency)
      sources.each do |source|
        set = source.search(dependency)
        return set if set
      end
      nil
    end

    # Ensures that a specification is compatible with the platform of a target.
    #
    # @raise  If the specification is not supported by the target.
    #
    # @todo   This step is not specific to the resolution process and should be
    #         performed later in the analysis.
    #
    # @return [void]
    #
    def validate_platform(spec, target)
      unless spec.available_platforms.any? { |p| target.platform.supports?(p) }
        raise Informative, "The platform of the target `#{target.name}` "     \
          "(#{target.platform}) is not compatible with `#{spec}` which has "  \
          "a minimum requirement of #{spec.available_platforms.join(' - ')}."
      end
    end
  end
end
